What does "visual holding" refer to in aviation?

"Visual holding" in aviation refers to the practice where a pilot maintains a holding pattern or maneuver using visual references, specifically by referencing prominent geographic features. This method is often employed when visibility is good and the pilot can visually identify such landmarks. It allows for a more intuitive approach to navigation and maintaining position in the airspace, which can be especially useful in areas where navigational aids may be limited or in the absence of instrument guidance.

When pilots utilize visual holding, they rely on their ability to see and recognize specific terrain, rivers, or other distinct landmarks that can assist in maintaining their required path. Understanding this technique is essential, as it emphasizes the pilot's ability to make real-time adjustments based on visual input, thereby enhancing situational awareness and safety during flight operations.

In contrast, the other options reference different aspects of holding procedures that do not involve a visual component. Digital instruments, holding at specified altitudes, and the establishment of holding points based on waypoints all pertain to instrument flight rules (IFR) and procedures that use instruments and navigation aids rather than visual references. Thus, while those methods are critical to IFR operations, they do not align with the concept of visual holding.