Under what conditions must USAF pilots fly under IFR?

The requirement for USAF pilots to fly under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) is particularly critical for ensuring safety and compliance with airspace regulations. IFR flight is mandatory in specific situations to enhance safety and ensure that pilots maintain adequate separation from other air traffic, especially when visibility is limited.

Operating fixed-wing aircraft at night often necessitates IFR conditions. Night flying inherently comes with challenges, such as reduced visibility and difficulties in distinguishing between ground references and artificial lights, leading to a greater risk of spatial disorientation. Thus, flying under IFR allows pilots to navigate using instruments and ensures they maintain separation from other aircraft and obstacles.

While there are other scenarios where IFR might be required, flying fixed-wing aircraft at night presents unique risks that make IFR adherence essential for the safety of the crew and aircraft.